Flax Seeds and DHT Levels
Flax seeds, also known as linseeds, are small, brown or golden-colored seeds that have been widely consumed for their nutritional benefits. They are particularly rich in dietary fiber, omega-3 fatty acids, and lignans. It's the latter component, lignans, that's been the subject of research concerning DHT (Dihydrotestosterone) levels.
The Role of Lignans
Lignans are polyphenolic compounds found in plants. Flax seeds are one of the richest sources of lignans, specifically of a type called secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG). When consumed, SDG is converted in our intestines into enterolactone and enterodiol, two phytoestrogens.
Impact on DHT
DHT is a potent derivative of testosterone and plays a key role in male pattern baldness and other androgenic effects. Here's how flax seeds might influence DHT levels:
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5-alpha reductase inhibition
Some studies suggest that lignans from flax seeds can inhibit the activity of 5-alpha reductase, an enzyme responsible for converting testosterone into DHT. -
Binding to SHBG
Sex Hormone Binding Globulin (SHBG) is a protein that binds to sex hormones, including testosterone. The phytoestrogens from flax seeds might increase the levels of SHBG, which in turn could reduce the amount of free testosterone available to be converted into DHT. -
Direct competition
Phytoestrogens like those derived from SDG might compete with DHT at androgen receptors, potentially limiting the actions of DHT.
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Academic Research
- Biomedical features of flaxseed against different pathologic situations: A narrative review
- Dietary α-Linolenic Acid-Rich Flaxseed Oil Exerts Beneficial Effects on Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Through Sex Steroid Hormones—Microbiota—Inflammation Axis in Rats
- Flaxseed Lignans as Important Dietary Polyphenols for Cancer Prevention and Treatment: Chemistry, Pharmacokinetics, and Molecular Targets
- Effects of resveratrol, curcumin, berberine and other nutraceuticals on aging, cancer development, cancer stem cells and microRNAs
- Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, Anti-Menopausal, and Anti-Cancer Effects of Lignans and Their Metabolites
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